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Our recommended substrate for beginners! Ultum Nature Systems Controsoil is available in various bag sizes, granule types, and colors. This variety meets preferences and the needs of aquatic plants. Choosing a good planted aquarium substrate is a key step when planning a new aquascape.
UNS Controsoil is a natural aquasoil for planted tanks made from a special blend of soil and volcanic ash. What sets it apart from other aquarium soil is its low-nutrient composition and impurity-absorbing properties. These qualities give aquascapers more control over when and how to add nutrients to the system. This makes it a versatile aquatic plant soil that works for both day-one hobbyists and seasoned pro aquascapers.
Excess nutrients cause spikes in ammonia. High levels can be toxic and lead to illnesses for tropical fish and shrimp or melting aquarium plants if left unchecked.
Soil Granules - Extra Fine: Tiny spheres look best in nano tanks. Their size helps miniature aquatic plants like Hemianthus Callitrichoides (HC) grow healthy, established roots. - Fine: A solid all-purpose aquarium plant soil. It works for a variety of aquascaping purposes. - Normal: Larger granules can help build slope and achieve desired substrate height. Perfect for large root plants like Echinodorus.
Why we like Controsoil - No rinsing required. - Reduced nutrient leeching means less chances of algae growing. - Buffers the water column to a slightly acidic pH. This lets aquatic plants absorb available nutrients more efficiently! - Safe to use with all freshwater tropical fish and shrimp. - Various options available for any aquascaping project.
How much substrate do I need for my aquarium? The general rule of thumb is one 3L bag for every 5 gallons of water. If you have a large aquarium, one 10L bag for every 20 gallons of water is a good starting point.
[Tank Length x Tank Depth x Desired Substrate Height (inches)] / 60 = Total liters of Controsoil required
Aquarium Substrate Comparison Guide
Sand, gravel, and aquarium plant soil can all be used to grow aquatic plants. But are they the same? The short answer is no. Here’s our take on each substrate type.
Before
After
3 different freshwater aquarium substrates used in a 9 gallon nature-style aquascape
Natural Cosmetic Sand
Aquarium sands are suggested for cosmetic purposes only and are usually paired with aqua soil when creating a nature-style aquarium. In some cases, hobbyists might choose natural sand as a main substrate and add nutrients back in via aquatic plant root tabs. This is enough to feed some low-tech aquarium plants. However, it isn’t sustainable long term since they dissolve and deplete quicker than plant soil. If you want a full sand look, try adding a base layer of soil first then topping it with your preferred sand. This way, you don’t miss out on the added benefits of aquarium soil and your aquatic plants get the nutrients they need. Overall, natural sand is an aquascaping staple. It’s available in many colors and also provides enrichment for bottom-dwellers who enjoy sifting through!
Optional hot tip: Use a sand flattener or brush to create a 0.5-1” gap between your soil layer and the tank panels. Then, pour your sand on top for extra clean edges. No soil peeking through here!
Ultum Nature Systems Controsand Bora is a bright natural fine sand that works well with all freshwater aquariums
Sand is great for minimalistic aquascapes that do not require plants to be rooted into soil
It can also provide great contrast to bolder aquarium hardscape layouts
Lighter sands add brightness to aquariums
It is also great for sand sifting aquarium livestock such as Neocaridina Shrimp
Aquarium fish like Corydoras naturally love sifting sand
Aquarium Gravel
Like sand, gravel is another aquascaper’s choice. We’ve heard them used interchangeably, but they’re not the same! Gravel is a chunkier medium and can be used independently or as detail accents on top of a fine-grain sand base. Depending on your tank size, gravel may be a better option as it covers more surface area as well. Personally, we really enjoy using gravel as an accent in our aquascapes as sometimes sand alone can look too plain. A sprinkle of gravel here and there really adds that extra bit of fine detail that can elevate the entire look of a nature-inspired aquascape. Here are some of our previous tanks with gravel being used as an accent vs. a gravel-only planted tank.
Ultum Nature Systems Controsand Santa Fe features a mix of dark and light natural hues that are perfect for river-type aquascapes
Gravel used purely for cosmetic purposes in a cube aquarium
It can also be used in paludarium aquascapes as well
Gravel like sand, can come in various earthy hues
It can also be used in much large aquariums where sand would not make the same visual impact
Gravel is widely used as a decorative substrate in wabi kusa style aquariums
A mix and match of Ultum Nature Systems Controsand Bora (sand) and Monterey (gravel)
A combination of sand and gravel accents in a planted aquarium
Mix and match sand and gravel accents for a unique look
Matching Controsand Vesuvius crushed lava rock with lava rock hardscape
We match the accent gravel with hardscape often to create a uniform look
Aquatic Plant Soil
The term aqua soil generally encompasses any substrate that contains nutrients and is designed specifically for tropical freshwater aquarium use. These aquarium plant soils usually contain micro and macronutrients or may offer features like dormant beneficial bacteria and water buffering capabilities. This is why rinsing prior to use isn’t recommended! Doing this washes away some of the good stuff that plants love. Popular aquarium plant types like Echinodorus, Cryptocoryne, various stem plants and Vallisneria species reap the best benefits from aquatic plant soil. Using them also supports the proper cycling of a new tank.
EXTRA FINE
FINE
NORMAL
You’ll notice higher quality soils usually contain natural ingredients like volcanic ash and clay, which are then high pressure baked into granules. The spherical shape prevents your soil from turning into mud over time and can be useful when creating slope hills in your aquascape. Some aquarium substrates like Ultum Nature Systems Controsoil, come in two different colors and three granule sizes. The soil’s ingredients are the same, but choosing the correct granule size is important and can be game changing. Carpeting aquarium plants like Glossostigma elatinoides, Hemianthus callitrichoides ‘Cuba’, Micranthemum ‘Monte Carlo’, and Eleocharis (dwarf hairgrass) varieties are much easier to plant in extra-fine substrate types. The smaller granule also makes it easier for the plant’s roots to take hold and become established. On the flip side, large root aquarium plants like amazon swords (Echinodorus sp.) and jungle vals (Vallisneria sp.) will be easier to plant and root in larger soil granules.
Using aquarium soil, sand, and gravel while sloping it towards the back of the aquarium without mixing
There you have it! One important thing to note is that aquarium soils don’t last forever. In general planted tank conditions, most quality soils will last between 8-12 months before depletion. When you reach this point, here are some of the common options:
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Refunds No worries, we’ll take care of everything as long as it fits the guidelines above.Most answers to general questions can be found on our FAQ page.